Fluid-actuated motor for actuating fluid.



No. 628,547. Patented July u, |899.

T. o. PERRY. y FLUID GTUTED MOTOR FOR ACTUATING FLUID.

(Application led July 11, 1898.)

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(No llxodelJ No., 628,547. Patented July Il, i899.

T. 0. PERRY. FLUID ACTUATED MOTOR'FOB ACTUATING FLUID.

(Applicntion lfiled July 11, 1898.)

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n., WASHING onlus neas a a a Patantad July Il, |899.

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T. 0. PERRY.

FLUID ACTUATED MOTOR FUR ACTUATING FLUID. `(App1ic|.tion led July 11? 1898.)

(No Model.)

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T. 0. PERRY.-

-FLUID AGTUATED MDTOR FUR ACTUATING FLUID.

.(Appliclfion tiled July 11, 1898,) (No Model.) 5 Shanks-*Shui 4.

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No. 628,547. Patenld lllly Il, |899.

T. o. PERRY. FLUID ACTUATEUMTUB FUR ACTUTING FLUID.

(Applicstinn Mod July 11, 180B.)

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i 6 is a section at the line 6 6 on Fig. a.

UNITED STATES PATENT li Prien.

THOMAS O. PERRY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FLUlD-ACTUATED MOTORFORACTUATING FLUI.

SPECIFICATION forming para of Letters Patent No. 628,547, dated July 1 1, 1899.

Application filed 'uly 11,

tuating Fluid, which are fully set forth in the following speciiication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forminga part Y thereof.

\ The purpose of this invention is to provide a motor or device for communicating power' in which the power is derived from fluid-pressure and is exerted upon other iiuid.

In the specific form in which I `have illustrated myinvention in the present application it is adapted to be used as a pneumatic water-elevator-that isto say, compressed air or other gas under tension of 'compression is the motive iluid'and water is the Huid acted upon, and the action performed upon the wa.-v

ter is its elevation. Details of the structure, however, are not necessarily limited to use in a pneumatic water-elevator, but constitute improvements upon former structures-such1 as, for example, that shown in my pending application, Serial No. 651,062, filed Septem-I ber 9, 18W-when adapted to other purposes than water elevation--as, for example, to the purpose of compressing air by means of water supplied under pressure.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my device on a reduced scale. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing a plurality of Water-elevators embodying my invention connected in a pipe system and in which each device is adapted to lift the water to the next succeeding one in the system. Fig. 3 is a top plan of my improved Water-elevator. is a section at the line at 4 on Fig.

3. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 5 5 on Fig. 3.

Fig. Fig. 7 is a detail section at the line 7 7 on Fig. Fig. S is a detail section at the line 8 8 on Fig.

4. Fig. 9 is adetail section at the line i) 9v on Fig. 4. Fig. 10 is a detail plan of one of the valve-casings and adjacent part of the duid-chamber. Fig. 11 is an axial section of one form of valve for` controlling the actuating Huid. Fig. 12 is a similar section of a modified form of such valve, which is em- Fig-1 189s; stan No. 635,595. da modem bodied in the principal figure. Fig. 13 is a section at the line 13 13 on Fig. 12.

This invention is an improvement upon and modification of the structure shown in my application Serial No. 651,062, intended to adapt it to the purposes of a water-elevator and at the same `time embody detail improvements in the structure. Its general character may Dbe described in substantially the same terms as the, structure shown in said former appli- 4cation-that isfto say, it comprises a plurality 4of air-chambers alternating with 'a like plurality of water-chambers, each cylindrical and all arranged in a cylindrical group alternating, as stated, in order along the axis of such cylindrical group and a like cylindrical group of valve-casings having air inlet and outlet ports leading to the air-chambers, respectively, and piston heads or valves in such valve-casings controlling the access of air to and its escape from the air-chambers, respectively. The Water-chambers are separated from the air-chambers, respectively, by mov- `ing heads/or diaphragms, which render both the air-chamber and the water-chamber col- `lapsible and expansible by the movement of such heads, the air-chamber being expanded when the water-chamber associated with it is collapsed, and vice versa, and these moving heads or diaphragms are connected, respectively, to the piston-valves in the laterally- `adjacent valve-casings, and the air-passage from said valve casing controlled by said valves lead from the air-chambers, respectively, being so disposed that the valve which Lis operated by a given diaphragm controls the air-passage to air chamber or chambers other .than that to whiclrthe diaphragm pertains.

A A A A are the Water-chambers.

i i B B B Bare the air-chambers.

C C C C are the moving heads or dia- ,phragms, which intervene between each water-chamber and the air-chamber adjacent to it on one side, and D DD are fixed heads or partitions which intervene between the water-chambers, respectively, and the air-chambers adjacent on the other side.

Dl is an upper fixed head, and D2 is a lower fixed head, these two heads constituting the ends of the cylindrical group of air and water chambers.

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s E E vE are valve-Casin gs arranged end to end and constituting a cylindrical pile or group of chambers laterally adjacent to the cylindrical group of air and water chambers, and

E and E2are respectively the upper and lower caps or end pieces of the group of valve-casings, and either or both may have air inlet and outlet connections.

As a matter of convenience and cheapness in the construction and assembling of the parts I cast integrally each xed head D, cylindrical wall a. of the air-chamber longitudinally adjacent thereto, air-valve casing E laterally adjacent, and the casings, hereinafter described, of the water inlet and outlet Valves and the contiguous portions of the water inlet and outlet passages, and I assemble as many such castings in a group end to end as there are air-chambers. I cast integrally the fixed head D and the upper cap E' of the air-Valve casing and the upper cap of the water-valve casing. I cast integrally also with the cap D2 the lower end casting or cap F.2 of the air-valve casings and the lower cap of the water-valve casing. These live castings assembled conaxially-that is, the portions forming the Water and air chambers being arranged conaxially and the several valve-casings and their caps or end castings being also 'arranged conaxially-constitute the entire body'of the device,in which the air-controlling piston-valves, diaphragms,and the operating connections between the diaphragms and .Sol

valves and'also the water-controlling valves are mountedand assembled. Between the top fixed head D and the adjacent upper margin of the wall ct of the air-chamber, which is form ed integrally with the next head D and in like manner between each head D and the adjacent upper margin of the next succeeding similar head there are interposed and securely bound open heads d d d and above them flexible diaphragms C C C, the former being lodged in t-he rabbeted seats provided at the upper margin ot'the walls a and the latter being clamped between the upper edge of said walls and the adjacent margin of the open heads on one side and the lower margin of the ixed heads on the other side, as seen v in Fig. 4:, and the sheet material of which these daphragms are formed is extended to constitute packing in the same plane between the adjacent valve-casings. The two intern mediate diaphragms are clamped at the center between the disks Crt and Cb, the latter,

Vwhich is on the lower side, having a lug (ld,

to which is pivotally connected a lever F, designed to operate the piston-valve in the adjacent Valve-casing. The two intermediate heads d have a central aperture d large A enough to admit the disk Cb, said aperture constituting the main opening in said head through which water obtains access under the diaphragm. The diaphragm pertaining to the upper chamber has no lever attached to it, for reasons which will' hereinafter appear, and

the fixed head D' belowthis diaphragm, for

like reasons,is without the central aperture CP. In each of the water-chambers-that is, below each diaphragm--there is provided a spring dx, which has its smallestv and central coil adapted to encircle a boss at Cd at the center of the disks Cb and the coil-seats near the outer margin of the open head d, said head being recessed on the upper side to a depth equal to the diameter of the wire of which the spring is formed to provide a suitable seatingspace for the spring when the diaphragm is depressed and the spring is collapsed. This spring tends to uphold the diaphragm s,respec tively, against the fixed heads D D', &c., be ing adapted to yield, however, with the diaphragm to the limit determined by the position ofthe open heads CZ, the spring, as stated, being accommodated between the diaphragm and said head CZ at the collapsed position.

Inlet and outlet valves for the several water-chambers are all of the same form and seated in valve-casings of the same form and arrangement relative to the communicating waterways. Their construction and arrangement are seen in Figs. 6 and 7, and their position with respect to the cylindrical pile or group of water and air chambers is seen in Figs. 2 and 3. The water-controlling,valves for the several chambers are arranged in a cylindrical pile adjacent and parallel to the pile of air and water chambers and parallel, but not immediately adjacent to7 the pile of cylindrical casings for the air controlling lindrical chamber being provided at the opposite side of the pile of water-controlling valves. 'The first continuous chamber ment-ioned is the medium of communication by which the water passes to its final outlet or discharge and is termed the outlet-passage and the other continuous chamber being the medium of communication with the inlet or supply and being termed the inletpassage.

R is the inlet-passage, and S the outlet-passage, as above stated. I form integrally with each of the castings which comprises one of the heads'D/ the casings for a water inlet and outlet valve and theadjacent portions of the inlet and outlet passages R and S, andin the conaxial assembling of the air and water chambers, as described, the several casings of the water-controlling valves and their adjacent inlet and outlet passages are also assembled conaxially, as seen in Fig. '7. The

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casting which comprises the lower fixed head D2 has formed integrally with it, however, the casing for an inlet-valve only, and the casting which comprises the upper xed head D has formed integrally with it the casing for an outlet-valve only. R R R are inletvalves. SS' Sarethe outlet-valves. They arev all check -valves and adapted to seat downward. R2 R2, &c., are inlet-valve casings. .S2 S2, the., are outletvalve casings. R20R20, (irc. are inlet-valve seats. S20 S20, the., are outlet-valve seats. The inlet-valve casings are formed at the upper end of the casting to which they pertain, and the outlet- Valve casings are formed at the lower end of the casting, respectively, sothat before the castings are assembled the valves can be entered in their respective casings, the inletvalves being preceded by their seats R20 and the outlet-valves being in similar manner followed by the insertion of their seats S20. R R, &c., are spiders which are inserted after the inlet-valves and before the outlet-valves,

respectively, having wings ra, which guida.,

center, and retain the valve within such limited range of movement that there is no danger of their displacement. This permits the making the valve very simple in form. R11 are retaining-rings which are inserted above the spiders of the inlet-valves. The wings of these spiders, pressed at the upper end by the `retaining-rings and resting at the lower end on the valve-seats R20, hold the latter securely in place, and the spiders of the outletvalves are stopped at the upper end by the shoulder S on the casing.

The lower casting, comprising integrally with the cap D2 the cap of the water-valve casings, has the threaded inlet r in line with the pile of water-valves, but communicating with the inlet-passage R, which extends laterally adjacent to said pile. The upper casting, comprising integrally with the upper cap D the cap of the water-valve casings, has the Water-outlets in line with the inlet r and the water-valves, but-communicating with the outlet-passage S, which extends laterally adjacent to the pile of valves on the side opposite the inlet-passage R. The latter passage has also au inlet r at the upper end, so that the device may be connected with or admit the supply at either end, as the situation may require. When it is set in the bottom of awell or cistern, the lower inlet r will be plugged and the water admitted at the inlet 0"'. When the supply is derived fromsa service-pipe, such pipe may be connected at the lower end atthe inlet r, and the deliverypipe will then be attached at the outlet s in direct line with the supply. The device may thus be interposed as a coupling between sections of a continuous service-pipe and employed to feed the water by steps t'o any height, employing air at only the necessary pressure to feed it one step-that is, from each of the feeding devices to the next. Such an arrangement is shown Fig. 2.

Each of the valve-casings E has an axial bore or cylindrical passage E and lateral cavities E E" and EC upon one side and lateral cavities E E0 on the other side, all these lateral cavities in the casting opening into the central or axial passage E, I line the axial passage E with a brass tube G, which has ports corresponding in position to the mouths of the cavities E0 EC El. Thisv brass tubing constitutes a cylindrical seatfor the piston-valve H, which comprises several piston heads o-r valves, as more particularly described hereinafter. The form of the cavities Eb E, as seen in Figs. S and 9 in plan or as seen in transverse section through the valvebody, is in the form of a sector of an annulus less a portion cut oii at one side, the mouth or opening at the axial passage extending through about one-third of the circumference of said passage. The form of cavity E, as seen in Fig. 9, is the reciprocal of that of the cavity Eb, being a portion of an annular sector less a portion cut away at the side opposite that at which the annular sector is mutilated to produce the form of the cavity E0, and its mouth at the passage E has the same circular extent about said passage,'and its limits in the circumference of the passage Ea are in line with the limits of the mouths of the passages El. This relation between the forms of the cavities Eb and Ec, causing them to overhang one another, leaves them each with a portion with which no portion of the other is in line. Vhen the several castings are assembled in the entire structure, as described, all the cavities Ec in all the castings are connected by a passage Ee, which extends longitudinally parallel with the central passage Ed and opens into the cavities Ec at the part whichis out of line with the cavities El, the part of the passage Ee contained in each casting registering with the corresponding parts of said passage in the adjacent castings. This passage Ee constitutes the air-inlet passage and leads to the air-inlet connection Eg in the casting El. In like manner all the cavities Eb in all the castings are connected by a passage Ef, made up .of parts which extend longitudinally through each of the castings, registering with each other and connecting at the upper end of the upper casting with an air-outlet opening E. The cavities E0 Ed are in form similar to the cavities Eb and E0 and are formed in the casting by means of similar cores; but these cores are placed differently in the different castings in order to bring the cavities E0 in the upper and lower casings E out of line at part of their extent with the corresponding cavities in the middle casting E in order that longitudinal passages may be formed, as herein- Yafter described, extending from-the upper cavity E0 of the lower casting E through the middle casting to suitable point of discharge into the second air-chamber Without cutting or opening into the cavities E in said middle casting, and that a passage in like manner may be formed leading from the upper cavity E0 of the middle casting into and through the next casting ec above it to suitable discharge provided inl the top casting into the uppermost air-chamber. The arrangement of these communicating passages may be varied; but that which is shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9 and which will now be described will indicate the purpose to be served 4ICO IIO

by whatsoever arrangement is adopted in anyv modification of t-his detail. From the upper cavity Ed in the lowest casting E the passage E extends through the upper portion of saidk lowest air-chamber B. From the upper cavity Ed of the middle casing E a passage EP is drilled, extending up through said casing E and on through the whole length of the next casing E above it and into the cap El, in which it extends horizontally through the boss ed in said cap-casting into the uppermost airchamber B.

In the middle and lower casings E are piston valves H H, each provided with four wings or piston-heads Hb Hb Hc H, separated by segmental cavities He Hf Hg. These piston-heads are arranged with reference to the ports Gb, Gb, and Gc in the lining-tube G, said ports leading from the cavities Eb and Eb, re-

spectively, so that in the range of movementv of lthe entire piston-valve H, which is not sutiicient to carry any of the pistonheads past or onto any of the ports E", E, or E, the intermediate piston-heads Hb Irlc may travel from one side to the opposite side of the ports Gb, and said piston-heads are of such a width that for an instant they completely close said ports in passing them. The body of the valve His apertured transversely between the consecutive seats, forming thus three apertureshe between the piston heads H and Hb, hf between Hb and Hb, and hg. between Hc and Hd. With this construction it will be seen that when. the valve is reciprocated as above described the communication of each of the ports Gd Gd and chambers E Ed is made to alternate between the inlet and outlet ports, so that the fluid is alternately admitted to and discharged from the chamber B, with which the chamber Ed of the valve-casing communicates. Also it will be noticed that in such reciprocation one of the chambers'Ed is connected with the outlet and the other withthe inlet, and from the foregoing description it will be seen that one of said chambers Ed leads to the chamber B next preceding the one whose diaphragm actuates the valve, while the other of said chambers F.d leads to the chamber B next following the one whose diaphragm actuates the valve.

The fulcrumofA the lever F, by which the diaphragm communicates m otion to the valve, is in each case provided in a standard Fb, through which the lever extends and to which i-t is pivoted by a pin f. This standard is lodged in the passage EX, cut through the casing E from the central passage E, in which the valve reciprocates into the water-chamber A, the lower side or bottom of said passage being formed aslant with a shoulder or stop and the lower side or foot of the standard Fb is at an angle to the vertical edges corresponding` to the slant of the bottom of the passage EX, so that said standard after the lever has been inserted between its lugs and secured by the pivot-pin may be introduced into the passage EX from the end of the casing E and lodged on the slanting bottom and against the shoulder 0c' and be there'` by definitely stopped, the pivot-pin being retained against possibility of escape by the narrowness of the aperture in which the standard is thus lodged, while the upper end of the standard is stopped by the next succeeding casting above or by the packing which intervenes. The lever F engages the valve H by means of the nose F1, which enters the transverse channel Hb, formed across the valve H toward the upper end. The Width of the channel Hk is such as to allow a certain range of movement to the lever vbetween the two shoulders of the channel, and the square end ot' the nose F1, abutting against the square bottom of the channel Hb, with only sufficient room for play to accommodate the movement of the lever about its fixed fulcrum, prevents rotation ot' the valve H in its seat. The prevention of such rotation is made necessary by a feature of construction which Will now be explained. In order that the water-pressure to which Ithe valve is exposed at the end at which the lever reaches and engages it (the water having necessarily free access from the chamber A through the aperture made for the valve) may be transmitted to the opposite end, so as lto be balanced and deprived-of any power of moving the valve end wise, I form at opposite sides of the valve shallow longitudinal channels H1 H1. These channels are not wide enough to cut oft' the seating-surface of the valve between the opposite segmental cavities He Hf Hg, which separate the consecutive heads H Hb, 85o.; but, on the contrary,th ere is left between said cavities and longitudinal channels seatingsurfaces Hlu Hm, and the ports elGb, Gb, Gb, and Gd in the lining G are not ex- ,tended circnmferentially farther than is necessary to correspond with said segmental cavities of the valve.- By this means the communication from one side to the other ot' the valve is limited to the apertures he, hf, and hg, which extend through the valve-body, connectingv opposite `segmental' cavities, respectively, so long as the valve is not allowed to rotate in itsseat, so as to bring the ports Gb Bb Gd across the longitudinal 'passages HI H1. I adopt this construction-that is, with the longitudinal channels for the passage of water from end to end of the valve and segmental instead of complete annular cavities between the piston-heads-in order thatI may make provision for the expansion of the valve totake up wear. This is accomplished by dividing the valve longitudinally at a plane transverse to the direction of the ducts hb, hf, and hg and interposing between the di- IOO IIO

vided parts any suitable spring tending to hold them apart and against the opposite sides, respectively, of the valve-casing, and to connect the severed portions of the transverse ducts he, hf, and hg l insert short tubes, which extend fluid-tight across the plane of division, so that the fluid may pass from one side to the other of the valve through the transverse fluid-ways without leakage at the longitudinal rift. This result maybe accomplished by the structure shown in Fig. 13, in which there is shown a cavity II, formed so as to open at thedivisional plane between the two parts of the divided valve, the eX- tent of such cavity being sufficient to take in all the said fluid-ways, and the portions of said apertures respectively contained in the two divided parts of the valve being connected by short tubes I-Il, HP, and Hq, which are made to constitute sealed passage-ways across the cavity by means of short rubber tubes hp and hq, which fit snugly about the tubes and abut endwise 4snugly against the opposite faces of the divided members of the valve, so that when said members are forced together in order to enter the casing perfect seating of the ends of the rubber tubes against the faces of the valve-body occurs. In this construction the tubes hp and hl also perform the function of springs, having a tendency to force the two divided members of the valve apart; but in order both to retain 'the rubber tubes seated Huid-tight about the surface of the metal tubes and to serve more efiiciently the purpose of forcingthe two members of the valve apart spiral springs IIr and IIs may be coiled about the rubber tubes and seated endwise against the opposed faces of the divided members of the valve. It is desirable, however, that the spreading of the divided valve to keep it suitably seated against o pposite sid es of the casing should be effected by means of the pressure of the Huid which the valve controls, because when such spreading and consequentseating of the valve in the casing are dependent upon the action of a spring device the tension of the spring or springs employed must be sufficient to effect this purpose adequately for all pressures of the fluid, and a spring strong enough to accomplish this result properly when the fluidpressure is high might cause thevalve to operate with too much friction in the casing to be sufficiently sensitive when the device is operating with fiuid at very low pressure. In order, therefore, to provide for the extension of the valve in this more desirable mannerto wit, by the pressure of the iiuid controlled--I make the longitudinal division of the valve at the plane of the lateral edges at one side of the channels III and'I form the lcavity Il" wholly in the larger segment or of the cavity either by a small shoulder h, which may be formed around the margin, or by rubber rings H, lodged around the tubes IIp III), respectively, or by both, thus inclosing a shallow chamber h behind the packing. Into the apertures he and hg in this half of the valve I solder or otherwise permanently unite the short. tubes IIp I-IP for the outletpassages, and they connect through the rubber packing, which is suitably apertured for the purpose, and through the apertures he and hg in the smaller segment of the valve. The rubber fits water-tight around the short tubes HP; but said tubes need not fit watertight where they extend through the aper-v tures in the smaller segment of the valve. Into the aperture hf of said smallersegment of the valve I secure similarly a short tube Hq. This tube, however, is only long enough to extend through the rubber which it apertures, so as to iit water-tight around it, but not into the aperture hf in the larger segment' of the valve. Vith this construction it will be seen that the inlet-pressure derived through the chamber E obtains access to the cavity h behind the packing H0. It operates with a tendency to press the packing tightly against the face of the smaller segment of the valve, which covers and faces the packing on the side opposite said cavity h, at the same time crowding the packing edgewise against the lateral walls 0f the cavity,- in which it is seated, and against the three tubes H1 l-Il) and H, thus making the valve operate as if it were solid to the extent of preventing transmission of fluid or fluid-pressure from one side to the other otherwise than through the transverse ports he, hf, and hg. At the same time not only the original elastic eXpansibility of the packing, which may be thick enough to require slight compression when first inserted in order to bring the two members of the valve together and adapt the valve as a whole to enter the tubeG, but also the fluidpressure derived from the inlet-port, tends to keep the two parts of the valve constantly pressed in opposite directions against theinner surface of the tube, so that the effect of any wear is prevented and the valve is kept constantly tight in its seat. The same feature-to wit, the constant outward pressure exerted upon the two members of the divided valve-prevents the valvefrom settling by gravity in its seat, friction being always amply sufficient for this purpose.

The operation of this structure may be understood from the description of the same to be as follows: The inlet connection Eg being connected with a source of compressed air and the pipeR being connected with a source of water-supply, the pipe S being connected with the system to be supplied, assuming that in one of the chambers-as, for example, the second from the topthe diaphragm O is close against the upper partition-wall D, the water-chamber below it being full of water, the valve operated by the lever F, connected IOO IOS

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4 with that diaphragm, being in the position shown inFig. et, admits compressed air by way of the chamber Ec in the valve-casing, port-s of the valve with which that chamber communicates, lower chamber E at the opposite side of the casing, and duct E1 to the air-chamber above'the'next lower diaphragm C. Admission of air to this' air-chamber depresses that diaphragm, expelling the water from the water-chamber below it, causing the lever F, connected with said diaphragm, to actuate the valve in the lowermost casing and lifting it ultimately to a position at which the Vinlet-chamber EC communicates by way of the proper ports of the Valve with the upper cham'- ber Gd of the valve-casing, and thence by way of the passage E with the lower chamber Ed of the uppermost casing, and thence with the air-chamber above the second diaphragm, causing that diaphragm to be depressed and the lever F, connected therewith, to actuate the valve in the middle casing, carrying it to its uppermost position and establishing comm unication from the inlet-chamber Ec through the proper port of the valve to the upper chamber Gd at the opposite side of the casing, and thence by way 'of the passage'El to the chamber above the uppermost diaphragm, causing it to be depressed and expel the water from the water-chamber below it. The same action of this valve has opened communication through the passage E1 from the airchamber above the third diaphragm from the top with the lower chamber E of the middle valve-casing, which is by such movement of the valve brought into communication with the outlet-port Ef, so that the water passing vinto the air-chamber below said third diaphragm and lifting said diaphragm causes it to actuate the lever F, connected to it, in a direction to move downward the valve in the lowest casing, leaving it at the position shown in Fig. 4t, with the air in the chamber Ec communicating by way of the valve-ports with the lower chamber Eg in that casing, and thence by the duct Em with the air-chamber above the lowest diaphragm, causing it to be depressed and expel the Water-from the wa thus completed, each diaphragm having inl turn been exposed to the action ot' compressed air and caused to force the water out of the Water-chamber below it and then relieved fromthe pressure of the air and forced upward by the water entering the water-chamber, the admission ol compressed air above each diaphragm having been effected by the movement of a valve connected to a different diaphragm of the series. Inl this process the action of the valves controlling the water is outer ends of the extreme chambered bodies of the group; and moving heads or diaphragms partitioning the space inclosed between the xed heads, and thereby forming chambers in couples, one chamber of each couple being for the actuating fluid and the other for the actuated tluid; inlet and outlet valves for the actuating-Huid chambers, and inlet and outlet valves iorthe actuated-fluid chambers; mechanical connections from the moving heads or diaphragms to the valves for controlling the actuating fluid, such valves pertaining to one actuating-fluid chamber being connected to and actuated by the moving head or diaphragm pertaining to the next couple.

2. In a pneumatic water-elevator comprising a plurality of i chambered bodies having each an open end and a fixed head closing the opposite end, and having a moving head or diaphragm between the ends inclos'ing an airchamber between itself andv the fixed head, such chambered bodies being assembled, the closed end of one to the open end of the next, whereby a water-chamber is inclosed between the fixed head of one chambered body and the movable head or diaphragm of the next; suitable air inlet and outlet Valves for the airchambers and water inlet and outlet valves for the water-chambers, and mechanical connections from the movingheads to the aircontrolling` valves, respectively, such valves pertaining to one air-chamber being actuated by the moving head pertaining to the other.

3. In combination with the air-chambers, the valve-casin gs having conaxial valve-seats and air-controlling piston-valves therein,said valve-casings having inlet and outlet ports, and having other ports leading to the airchambers respectively; mechanical connections for the valves respectively connected to and actuated by the diaphragm of an aircha-mber with which the ports controlled by such valve do not communicate.

4. In Ycombination with the air-chambers, valve-casings provided with conaxial valveseats and communications therefrom to the air-chambers respectively, and the pistonvalves which control such communication, said casings having lateral inlet and outlet cavities opening through the valve-seat at the same side thereof 5 the inlet-cavities ex- IOO IIO

jacent air-chamber and having a cavity Ed' 'communicating with the valve-seat, and a duct leading from such cavit-y to the air-com-` municating passage of another valve-casing of the series.

G. In a fluid-actuated motor for actuating a iiuid, in combination with a plurality of eX- panding and collapsing chambers, the device which controls the flow of fluid to cause their expansion and collapse comprising a valvecasing having inlet and outlet ports at one side and having ports at the other side which lead respectively to two non-ad jacent expanding and collapsing chambers; a piston-valve having Wings separated by segmental cavities at opposite sides, and apertured transversely to eliect communication between such opposite cavities, two of said wings being located so that they seat respectively longitudinally beyond the outlet and beyond the inlet ports, other Wings being located so that they seat between the inlet and outlet ports, the ports leading to the non-adjacent chambers being located opposite the intervals between the inlet and outlet ports. j

7. In a fluid-actuated device, to control the iiow of the motive fluid, a sliding valve and its casin g havin glat-eral ports which the valve controls, the valve being longitudinally divided and having transverse fluid-ways, and tubes in the duid-ways extending across the plane of division of the valve and entering the two parts thereof and made fluid-tight therewith, combined with suitable spring reacting between the parts of the divided valve to hold them against the Walls of the casing.

8. In a fluid-actuated device for the purpose of controlling the flow of the motive iinid; a sliding valve and its casing having lateral ports which the valve controls, the valve being longitudinally divided and having a cavity adjacent to and opening at the plane ot division and having fluid-ways which extend through the valve transverse to-said plane within the boundary of such cavity, said fluid-ways comprising rigid tubes which make fluid-tight connection at one end with one of the two divided parts of the valve, in combination with an elastically-compressible packing lodged in and abutting edgewise against the entire margin of said cavity and penetrated by said tubes and embracing the same closely, whereby the motive fluid gains access under said packing in the cavity7 in which the same is lodged and tends to force the parts of the divided valve apart against the walls of the casing and simultaneously to seat said packing water-tight at its entire margin and about the tubes.

9. In a Huid-actuated device for the purpose of controlling the tlow of the motive fluid; a sliding valve and its casing having lateral ports which the valve controls, the valve being longitudinallyy vdivided and hav- `ing a cavity adjacent to and opening at the plane of divisionand having fluid-ways which extend through the valve transverse to said plane within the boundary of such cavity, said fluid-ways comprising rigid tubes which make fluid-tight connection at one end with one of the two divided parts of the valve, in combination with an elast-ically-compressible packing lodged in and abutting edgewise against the entire margin of said cavity and penetrated by said tubes and embracing the same closely; alternate tubes having their 'fluid-tight junction with one of the parts ot' the divided valve, and the other alternate tubes having such junction at the opposite part.

10. In a fluid-actuated device for the purpose of controlling the flow ofthe motive iiuid,

a sliding valve and its casing having lateral ports which the valve controls, the valve being longitudinally divided and having transverse fluid-ways; rigid tubes which extend across the plane ot division in the Huid-ways; and elastically-compressible packing encompassing the rigid tubes respectively being water-tight thereon and bearing against the faeing surfaces of the divided valve, whereby the packing is adapted both to render water-tight the connection of the tubes with the divided parts of the valve at the {luid-ways, and also to act as a spring to force the parts of said divided valve against the casing.

1 l. In combination with a valve-casing having a cylindrical chamber, and lateral inlet and outletports into said chamber; a pistonvalve adapted to reciprocate in such cylindrical chamber and having wings or pistonheads longitudinally separated by segmental cavities, and transversely pierced to connect opposite cavities, such valve being longitudinally divided at a plane between the segmental cavities on the one side and those upon the opposite side, and provided with a cavity opening from the divisional plane, and a packing lodged in and abutting edgewise about the entire margin of said cavity, and apertured in line with the apertures which connect the opposite segmental cavities of the valve.

' l2. In combination with a valve-casing having a cylindrical chamber, and lateral inlet and outlet ports into said chamber; apiston- IOO IOS

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valve adapted to reciprocate in such cylindrical chamber and having Wings or pistonheads longitudinally separated by segmental cavities, and transversely pierced to connect opposite cavities, such valve being longitudinally divided at a plane between the segmental cavities on the one side and those upon the opposite side, and provided with a cavity opening from the divisional plane, and a packing lodged in and adapted to fully occupy said cavity, and apertured in line with the apertures which connect the opposite segmental cavities ofthe valve; vtubes extending through the packing at said several apertures, alter- `nate tubes being connected water-tight at one end in one of the valve-segments, and alternate tubes being similarly connected at the opposite end in the other segment, whereby communication between consecutive segmental cavities on the same side is prevented.

13.. In combination witha valve-casing hav- `ing a cylindrical chamber and inlet and outlet ports opening through its cylindrical wall; a valve adapted to reciprocate in said chamber, and having wings or flanges separated by.

segmental cavities and adapted to seat between and at opposite sides of the ports respectively; opposite segmental cavities being connected by an aperture through the valve, said valve having a longitudinal channel extending from end to end on its surface between the opposite segmental cavities, and divided longitudinally from end to end at the plane coinciding with one edge of such channel, the segment which contains the channel having a recess or cavity in the face at the divisional plane, and a packing lodged in and occupying fully said cavity and apertured coincidentally with the transverse apertures which connect opposite segmental cavites.

14. In combination with a valve-casin g having a cylindrical chamber and inlet and outlet ports opening through its cylindrical wall, a valve adapted to reciprocate in said chamber and having wings or flanges separated by segmental cavities and adapted to seat between and at opposite sides of the ports respectively, opposite segmental cavities being connected by an aperture through the valve, the valve having a longitudinal channel eX- tending from end to end on its surface between the opposite segmental cavities, and divided longitudinally from end to end at the plane coinciding with one edge of such channel, the segment which contains the channel having a recess or cavity in the face at the divisional plane, the bottom of such cavity having a marginal shoulder extending on all sides, and a `packing lodged in such cavity and seated on such shoulder and fully occupying the cavity from said shoulder to the plane of the divisional face, whereby an unoccupied chamber is formed behind or under such packing from the plane of the shoulder to the back of the cavity; the packing being apertured coincidentally with the aperture which connects the opposite segmental cavitics.

-I5. In combination with a valve-casing having a cylindrical chamber and inlet and outlet ports opening through its cylindrical wall; a valve adapted t'o reciprocate in said chamber and having-wings or tianges separated by segmental cavities and adapted to seat between and at opposite sides of the ports respectively; opposite segmental cavities being connected by an aperture through the valve; the valve having a longitudinal channel extending i'rom end to end on .its surface between the opposite segmental cavities, and divided longitudinally from end to end at the plane coinciding with one edge of such channel, the segment which contains the channel having a recess or cavity in the face at the divisional plane; the bottom of such cavity having a marginal shoulder .extending on all sides, and a packing lodged in such cavity and seated on such shoulder and fully occupying the cavity from said shoulder to the plane of the divisional face, whereby an unoccupied chamber is formed behind or under such packing from the plane of the shoulder to the back of the cavity, the packing being apertured coincidentally with the aperture 'which connects the opposite segmental cavities; the eXtreme ones of said apertures being provided with short tubes rooted air-tight in the apertures of the segment having the packed cavity,and extending entirely through the packing and into the aperture of the other segment, and an intermediate one of said apertures having a similar short4 tube rooted air-tight in the other segment and extending through the packing only, and terminating open in the unoccupied cavity under the packing.

I6. In a pneumatic water-elevator, in combination with the conaXial group of air and water chambers, and the corresponding adjacent conaxial group of water-controlling valves; a water-inlet passage adjacent at one side to the group of valve-casings, said water-inlet passage having lateral ports leading to the ends of said conaXial group of watercontrolling valves, and provided with suitable connections for a water-pipe at opposite ends in line with each other parallel to the axial line of the group of water-controlling valves, whereby such device is adapted to be interposed at intervals in a continuous run of water-pipe to elevate the water by stages.

17. In a Huid-motor for actuating a i'luid, the combination of a plurality of chambers for the actuating fluid, alternating with a like plurality of chambers for the actuated iiuid, the actuating-fluid chambers being separated from the corresponding actuated-Huid chambers respectively by iiexible diaphragms; suitable valves for controlling the inlet and out- IOO IIO

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let of the actuating and actuated fluids re- In testimony whereof I have hereunto set spectively; and a spirally-coiled spring in the my hand, in the presence of two Witnesses, at Io actuated-Huid chamber, having its several Chicago, Illinois, this 7th day of July, 1898. coils constructed and arranged to bear upon T 5 the surface of the diaphragm, whereby the l HOMAS-O PERRX' diaphragm is supported and reactuated at a Witnesses: multiplicity of points between its circumfer- OHAS. S. BURTON, ence and center. BERTHA C. SIMS. 

